Del Mar Photonics

Femtosecond Laser Ablation in Developmental Biology

Femtosecond lasers are used for sub-cellular ablation. Several research groups use femtosecond lasers to operate on living zebrafish embryo.

The UCLA Biophysics Neuroimaging Laboratory is committed to developing new microscopy techniques to further the reach of experimental methods in the area of systems neuroscience. The Lab is collaborating to develop next generation multi-photon microscopy systems, with the aim of imaging millimeter volumes of tissue with non-linear enhanced resolution at millisecond time scales. This may improve methods for analysis of in-vivo cortical circuits and classic microcircuit systems via calcium and potentiometric dyes, provide higher throughput for structural imaging, and enable more detailed modeling of systems of nerve cells. Calcium and potentiometric dyes can be used to monitor network activity with single cell and single spike resolution across hundreds of cells. Featured in the laboratory is an ultrafast Ti:Sa oscillator kit from Del Mar Photonics. Output power is typically hundreds of milliwatts. KLM Mode locking is started by voice coil and monitor high bandwidth avalanche photodiode combined with a lock-in amplifier. In this video Adrian Cheng shows his mltiphoton imaging system based on Del Mar Photonics Ti:Sapphire laser and describes his experiments on imaging of neural activity in zebra fish.

Engineers and biologists in the Ultrafast Optics and Nanophotonics Laboratory at the University of Alberta have demonstrated the advantages of using femtosecond lasers to manipulate molecules and cellular material inside living cells. In experiments published in Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Vikram Kohli, Abdulhakem Elezzabi, and colleagues used femtosecond laser pulses to perform nanosurgery on living zebrafish embryos to introduce exogenous material into the embryonic cells. Their findings should enhance researchers' ability to noninvasively manipulate molecules in intracellular environments, a critical component in advancing understanding of cellular structure and function.
Several methods have been used for introducing foreign substances into developing embryos. However, microinjection and electroporation, the most commonly used techniques, can be invasive and have some limitations. These limitations are what prompted the researchers to use femtosecond laser pulses to demonstrate the permeabilization of embryos for the delivery of foreign material such as fluorescent probes, quantum dots, and plasmid DNA via transient pores.

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Related Publications

An all-optical approach for probing microscopic flows in living embryos. Supatto W, Fraser SE, and Vermot J, Biophysical Journal, in press, (2008). pubmed

in vivo modulation of morphogenetic movements in Drosophila embryos with femtosecond laser pulses. Supatto W, Débarre D, Moulia B, Brouzés E, Martin JL, Farge E, and Beaurepaire E, PNAS, 102(4), 1047-1052 (2005). pubmed ("Research Highlights" in Nature Methods, 2, 155 (2005)).

Quantitative multiphoton imaging and femtosecond pulse-induced ablation to study mechano-sensitive gene expression during early Drosophila embryo development. Supatto W, Paris VII / Institut Curie / Ecole Polytechnique, PhD Thesis (2005).

Tissue deformation modulates Twist expression to determine anterior midgut differentiation in Drosophila embryos. Desprat N, Supatto W, Pouille PA, Beaurepaire E, and Farge E, Developmental Cell, in press (2008).

Femtosecond pulse-induced microprocessing of live Drosophila embryos. Supatto W, Débarre D, Farge E, and Beaurepaire E, Medical Laser Application, 20(3), special issue on Laser nanoprocessing of biological targets (invited paper), 20(3), 207-216 (2005).

An all-optical approach to modulate and quantitatively analyse embryo morphogenetic movements by using ultrashort laser pulses. Supatto W, Débarre D, Moulia B, Farge E, and Beaurepaire E. Proc. SPIE - Imaging, Manipulation, and Analysis of Biomolecules, Cells, and Tissues, 6088, 60881D (2006).

in vivo analysis of Drosophila embryo developmental dynamics by femtosecond pulse-induced ablation and multimodal nonlinear microscopy. Supatto W, Débarre D, Moulia B, Brouzés E, Martin JL, Schanne-Klein MC, Farge E, and Beaurepaire E, Proc. SPIE - Multiphoton Microscopy in the Biomedical Sciences V, 5700, 256-264 (2005).

in vivo micro-dissection and live embryo imaging using two-photon microscopy to study Drosophila melanogaster early developement. Supatto W, Brouzés E, Farge E, and Beaurepaire E, Proc. SPIE - Femtosecond Laser Applications in Biology, 5463, 13-20 (2004).
 

 V. Kohli and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Laser surgery of zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos using femtosecond laser pulses: Optimal parameters for exogenous material delivery, and the laser’s effect on short- and long-term development " BMC Biotechnology, 8,7 Feb. 2008.

K. J. Chau, Mark Johnson, and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Electron-Spin-Dependent Terahertz Light Transport in Spintronic-Plasmonic Media,?Phys. Rev. Lett., 98, 133901-133904 (2007).

S. E. Irvine, P. Dombi, Gy. Farkas, and A. Y. Elezzabi, "Influence of Carrier-Envelope Phase of Few-Cycle Pulses on Ponderomotive Surface-Plasmon Electron Acceleration," Phys. Rev. Lett., 97, 146801-14684 (2006).

K. J. Chau, K. Rieckmann, and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Sub-Surface Probing of Terahertz Particle Plasmons,?Appl. Phys. Lett., 90, 131114-131117 (2007).

K. J. Chau, C. Baron, and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Isotropic Photonic Magnetoresistance,? Appl. Phys. Lett., 90, 121122 (2007).

M. C. Quong, and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Offset-Apertured Near-Field Scanning Optical Microscope Probes,?Opt. Express 15, 10408-10420, (2007).

K. J. Chau, M. C. Quong, and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Terahertz Time-Domain Investigation of Axial Optical Activity from a Sub-Wavelength Helix,?Opt. Express 15, 3557-3567 (2007).

Vikram Kohli, Vanesa Robles , M. Leonor Cancela , Jason P. Acker , Andrew J. Waskiewicz , and Abdulhakem Y. Elezzabi, “An Alternative Method for Delivering Exogenous Material into Developing Zebrafish Embryos,?Biotechnol and Bioeng., 98, 1230-1241 (2007).

K. J. Chau, K. Rieckmann, and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Metallic Phase Transition Investigated via THz Time-Domain Spectroscopy,?Appl. Phys. Lett., 90, 041920 (2007).

G. D. Dice and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Random Lasing from a Nanoparticle-Based Metal–Dielectric–Dye Medium,?J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt., 9 186-193, (2007).

S. E. Irvine and A. Y. Elezzabi, "Ultracompact 180?Magnetic Spectrometer for Intermediate Energy Electron Measurement," Meas. Sci. Tech., 17, 2455-2460, (2006).

K. J. Chau and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Photonic Anisotropic Magnetoresistance in Dense Co Particle Ensembles,?Phys. Rev. Lett., 96, 033903-033906, (2006).

K. J. Chau and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Effect of Interface Resistance on Terahertz Pulses in Bimetallic Microparticles,?Phys. Rev. B 73, 085419-085425 (2006).

S. E. Irvine and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Surface-Plasmon-Based Electron Acceleration,? Phys. Rev. A 73, 013815-013523 (2006).

S. E. Irvine and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Femtosecond Electron Pulse Gating Using Surface Plasmons,?Opt. Express 4115-4127, (2006).

K. J. Chau, G. D. Dice, and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Coherent Plasmonic Enhanced Terahertz Transmission through Random Metallic Media,?Phys. Rev. Lett., 94, 173904-173908 (2005).

G. D. Dice, S. Mujumdar , and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Plasmonically Enhanced Diffusive and Subdiffusive Metal Nanoparticle-Dye Random Laser,?Appl. Phys. Lett., 86, 131105-131105, (2005).

K. J. Chau and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Terahertz Transmission Through Ensembles of Sub-wavelength Size Metallic Particles,?Phys. Rev. B 72, 075110 (2005).

S. E. Irvine and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Ponderomotive Electron Acceleration Using Surface Plasmon Waves Excited with Femtosecond Laser Pulses,?Appl. Phys. Lett., 86, 264102-264105, (2005).

V. Kohli, A. Y. Elezzabi, and J. P. Acker, “Cell Nanosurgery Using Ultrashort (Femtosecond) Laser Pulses: Applications to Membrane Surgery and Cell Isolation? Laser Surg. Med., 37, 227-230, (2005).

V. Kohli, J. P. Acker, and A. Y. Elezzabi “Reversible Permeabilization Using High-Intensity Femtosecond Laser Pulses: Applications to Biopreservation,? Biotech. and Bioeng., 92, 889-899, (2005).

K. J. Chau, A. L. Dechant, and A. Y. Elezzabi, “High-Bandwidth Terahertz Radiation from Ponderomotively Accelerated Carriers Using Bessel-Gauss Femtosecond Pulses,?Appl. Phys. Lett., 86, 064106- 064109, (2005).

L. Dechant, S. K. Dew, S. E. Irvine, and A. Y. Elezzabi, “High-Transmission Solid-Immersion Apertured Optical Probes for Near-Field Scanning Optical Microscopy,?Appl. Phys. Lett., 86, 013102-013105, (2005).

S. E. Irvine , A. L. Dechant, and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Generation of 0.4-keV Femtosecond Electron Pulses Using Impulsively Excited Surface Plasmons,?Phys. Rev. Lett., 93, 184801-184804, (2004).

S. Mujumdar, K. J. Chau, and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Terahertz Transmission through Strongly Scattering Sub-wavelength Size Spheres,?Appl. Phys. Lett., 85, 6284-6286, (2004).

S. Mujumdar, G. Dice, and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Few Cycle Pulse Propagation in Multiple Scattering Media,?Opt. Comm., 247, 19-27, (2005).

L. Dechant and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Femtosecond Optical Pulse Propagation in Subwavelength Metallic Slits,?Appl. Phys. Lett., 84, 4678- 4678, (2004).

K. J. Chau and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Two-Dimensional Drift-Diffusion Analysis of Magnetic Field Enhanced THz Emission from Semiconductor Surfaces,?Opt. Comm., 242, 295-304, (2004).

K. J. Chau, S. E. Irvine, and A. Y. Elezzabi, “A Gigahertz Surface Magneto-Plasmon Optical Modulator,?IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 40, 571-579, (2004).






J. F. Holzman and A. Y. Elezzabi, ?Two-Photon Photoconductive Terahertz Generation in ZnSe,?Appl. Phys. Lett., 83, 2967-2969 (2003).


J. F. Holzman and A. Y. Elezzabi, "Dispersion-Free High-Speed Beam Chopper for Ultrafast Pulsed Laser Applications," Meas. Sci. Tech. 14, pp. N41-N44 (2003).


S. E. Irvine and A. Y. Elezzabi, "A Miniature Broadband Bismuth-Substituted Yttrium Iron Garnet Magneto-Optic Modulator," Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Special Issue: The subject interface between magnetism and photonics, vol. 36, pp. 2218-2221 (2003).


S. E. Irvine and A. Y. Elezzabi, "Wideband Magneto-Optic Modulation in a Bismuth-Substituted Yttrium Iron Garnet Waveguide," Optics Communications, vol. 220, pp. 325-329 (2003).


A. Y. Elezzabi and S. E. Irvine, "Parametrically Driven First-Order Suhl Instability and Nonlinearitites in Bismuth-Substituted Yttrium Iron Garnet Films," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 82, pp. 2464-2466 (2003).


A. Y. Elezzabi and J. F. Holzman, "Photoconductive Generation and Detection of Guided-Wave and Free-Space Terahertz Waveforms," IEICE Transactions on Electronics E86C, pp. 1218-1225 (2003). (Invited)


J. F. Holzman, S. E. Irvine, F. E. Vermeulen, A. Y. Elezzabi, "Free-Space Detection of Terahertz Radiaton Using Crystalline and Polycrystalline ZnSe Electro-optic Sensors," Appl. Phys. Lett., 81, 2294 (2002).



S. E. Irvine and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Modeling of High-Speed Magneto-Optic Beam Deflection,?IEEE Jour. Quantum Elec., 38, 1428, (2002).



S. E. Irvine and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Multi-Gigahertz Guided Wave Magneto-Optic Modulator,?IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett., 14, 798, (2002).



M. D. Cummings, J. F. Holzman, and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Carrier Transport Dynamics in an Edge-Illuminated Photoconductive Switch,?J. Vac. Sci. Technol., A20, 1057, (2002).


J. F. Holzman, F. E. Vermeulen, and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Generation of 1.2 ps Electrical Pulses Through Parallel-Gating in Ultrathin Silicon Photoconductive Switches,?Appl. Phys. Lett., 79, 4249-4252, (2001).



M. D. Cummings and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Ultrafast Impulsive Excitation of Coherent Longitudinal Acoustic Phonon Oscillations in Highly Photoexcited InSb,?Appl. Phys. Lett., 79, 770-772, (2001).

 M. D. Cummings, J. F. Holzman, and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Femtosecond Carrier Dynamics in an Asymmetrically Excited GaAs Photoconductive Switch,?Appl. Phys. Lett.,78, 3535-3537, (2001).

 J. F. Holzman, F. E. Vermeulen, and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Frozen Wave Generation of Bandwidth-Tunable Two-Cycle THz Radiation,?J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 17, 1457-1463, (2000).

 J. F. Holzman, F. E. Vermeulen, B. W. Arnold, and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Photoconductive Gating of Picosecond Electrical Pulses on Thinned Si-Substrates,? Electronics Lett., 36, 1225-1226, (2000).

 J. F. Holzman, F. E. Vermeulen, and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Recombination-Independent Photogeneration of Ultrashort Electrical Pulses,? Appl. Phys. Lett., 76, 134-136, (2000).

 J. F. Holzman, F. E. Vermeulen, and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Ultrafast Photoconductive Self-Switching of Subpicosecond Electrical Pulses,?IEEE J. Quantum Electron, 36, 130-136, (2000).

 A. Y. Elezzabi, J. F. Holzman, J. Sit, K. Robbie, and M. J. Brett, “Thin Film Vertical Diffraction Gratings Fabricated Using Glancing Angle Deposition,? Electronics Letters, 35, 491-493, (1999).

 J. F. Holzman, F. E. Vermeulen, and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Ultrafast All-Optical Modualtion of Infrared Radiation Via Metal-Semiconductor Waveguide Structures,? IEEE J. Quantum Electron, 35, 583-589, (1999).

 G. M. Steeves, A. Y. Elezzabi, R. Teshima, R. A. Said, and M. R. Freeman, “Circuit Analysis of an Ultrafast Junction Mixing Scanning Tunneling Microscope,?IEEE J. Quantum Electron., 34, 1415-1418, (1998).

 G. M. Steeves, A. Y. Elezzabi, and M. R. Freeman, “Nanometer-Scale Imaging with an Ultrafast Scanning Tunneling Microscope,?Appl. Phys. Lett. 72, 504-506 (1998).

 G. M. Steeves, A. Y. Elezzabi, and M. R. Freeman, “Advances in Picosecond Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Via Junction Mixing,?Appl. Phys. Lett., 70, 1909-1911, (1997).

 M. R. Freeman, A. Y. Elezzabi, and J. A. H. Stotz, “Current Dependence of the Magnetization Rise Time in Thin Film Heads? J. Appl. Phys., 81, 4516-4518, (1997).

 M. R. Freeman, A. Y. Elezzabi, G. M. Steeves, G. Nunes, Jr., “Ultrafast Time-resolution in Scanning Tunneling Microscopy,?Surface Sci., 386, 290-900, (1997).

 A. Y. Elezzabi and M. R. Freeman, “Ultrafast Magneto-Optic Sampling of Picosecond Current Pulses,?Appl. Phys. Lett., 68, 3546-3548, (1996).

 A. Y. Elezzabi, M. R. Freeman, and Mark Johnson, “Direct Measurement of the Conduction Electron Spin-Lattice Relaxation Time T1 in Gold,?Phys. Rev. Lett., 77, 3220-3224, (1996).

 A. Y. Elezzabi, M. K. Y. Hughes, J. Meyer, and S. R. Johnson, “Ultrafast Measurement of Nonequilibrium Carrier Lifetime in In0.85Ga0.15As/GaAs Relaxed Superlattice Structure,?Opt. Lett., 20, 587-589, (1995).

 J. Meyer, A. Y. Elezzabi, and M. K. Y. Hughes, “Infrared Absorption and Momentum Relaxation of Free Carriers in Silicon Generated by Subpicosecond Above Band Gap Radiation,?IEEE J. Quantum Electron., 31, 729-734, (1995).

 J. Meyer, A.Y. Elezzabi, and M. K. Y. Hughes, “An Investigation of Ultrafast Plasma Dynamics in a GaAs Infrared Reflection Switch,?IEEE J. Quantum Electron., 31, 1292-1301, (1995).

 A. Y. Elezzabi, J. Meyer, and M. K. Y. Hughes, ?00 fs 10.6 mm Infrared Pulse Generation with Radiation-Damaged GaAs Reflection Switch,?Appl. Phys. Lett., 66, 402-404, (1995).

 H. Houtman, A. Cheuck, A. Y. Elezzabi, J. E. Ford, M. Laberge, W. Liese, J. Meyer, G. C. Stuart, and Y. Zhu, “High-Speed Circuits for TE Discharge Lasers and High Voltage Applications,?Rev. Sci. Instrum., 64, 839-853, (1994).

 A. Y. Elezzabi, J. Meyer, M. K. Y. Hughes, and S. R. Johnson, “Generation of 1-ps Infrared Pulses at 10.6 um by Use of Low-Temperature-Grown GaAs as an Optical Semiconductor Switch,?Opt. Lett., 19, 898-900, (1994).

 . Y. Elezzabi and J. Meyer, “All-Optical Time-Division Demultiplexer Using Semiconductor Switching,?Appl. Opt., 33, 3635-3641, (1994).

 Y. Elezzabi, H. Houtman, and J. Meyer, “Time-Resolved Impact Ionization in ZnSe High-Voltage Switches,?IEEE Trans. on Plasma Science, 22, 1043-1048, (1994).

 Y. Elezzabi and J. Meyer, “Simulation of the Generation of Ultrafast Mid-Infrared Laser Pulses,?IEEE J. Quantum Electron., 28, 1830-1834, (1992).

 J. Meyer and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Subpicosecond Reflection Switching of 10 um Radiation Using Semiconductor Surfaces,?Appl. Phys. Lett., 58, 1940-1943, (1991).

 J. Meyer and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Experimental Study of the Electron Density and Discharge Dynamics in a XeCl Excimer Laser ,?J. Appl. Phys., 68, 3838-3843, (1990).

Other Publications

A. Y. Elezzabi, K. J. Chau, C. A. Baron, and Mark Johnson, “Discovering Spinplasmonics,?Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng., (Invited), (in print).

Vikram Kohli and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Femtosecond Laser Pulse Surgery and Transfection in Embryos,?Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng., (Invited), (in print).

K. J. Chau, M. C. Quong, and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Ultrafast Terahertz Electric Field Polarization Dynamics in Metallic Mesostructures, Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng., 6471, 64710P (2007), (Invited)

C. A. Baron, K. J. Chau, and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Terahertz Isotropic Photonic Magnetoresistance,?Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng., 6471, 64710N (2007) (Invited).

A. Y. Elezzabi, “Spinplasmonics: A New Route for Active Plasmonics,?Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 6441, 6641-57 (2007), (Invited)

K. J. Chau and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Extraordinary Single Cycle Terahertz Transmission through Ensembles of Sub-Wavelength Size Metal Particles,?Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng., 6118, 61180L-1 (2006), (Invited).

K. J. Chau and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Photonic Anisotropic Magnetoresistance in Sub-Wavelength Size Co Particles,?Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng., 6118, 61180M-1 (2006), (Invited).

Kenneth J. Chau and A. Y. Elezzabi, “A Two-Dimensional Drift-Diffusion Model of THz Emission from n-GaAs and InAs Surfaces in a Magnetic Field?Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng., 5725, 61 (2005), (Invited).

A. Y. Elezzabi and J. F. Holzman, "Photoconductive Generation and Detection of Guided-Wave and Free-Space Terahertz Waveforms," IEICE Transactions on Electronics E86C, pp. 1218-1225, 2003. (Invited)

J. F. Holzman, M. D. Cummings, and A. Y. Elezzabi, "Terahertz Photonics: Ultrafast Physics and Applications," Proc. SPIE, 4833, Applications of Photonic Technology 5, 85-96, (2003), (Invited).

Vikram Kohli and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Part I: Embryonic Surgery Using Femtosecond Laser Pulses for the Delivery of Exogenous Materials and the Analysis of Gene Expression,?Proc. SPIE, 2008 (accepted and in print).

Vikram Kohli and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Part II: Morphological Analysis of Embryonic Development Following Femtosecond Laser Manipulation,?Proc. SPIE, 2008 (accepted and in print).

C. A. Baron and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Time- and Angular-Resolved Terahertz Spectroscopy?Proc. SPIE, 2008 (accepted and in print).

Vikram Kohli, Deli Yu, and Abulhakem Y. Elezzabi, ?Laser-Assisted Ablation of Corneal-Like Material Using Focused Femtosecond Laser Pulses,?Proc. SPIE, 6460, 6460-D, 2007.

K. J. Chau, Mark Johnson, and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Merging Spintronics and Plasmonics,?Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Tech. (APS, IEEE, OSA), Baltimore , Maryland , May 6-11, 2007, (Postdeadline Digest-CPDA5).

K. J. Chau and A. Y. Elezzabi, THz Phase Transition Spectroscopy of Metals, Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Tech. Digest (APS, IEEE, OSA), JFB1, Baltimore, Maryland, May 6-11, 2007.

Michael C. Quong and Abdulhakem Y. Elezzabi, “An Offset-Apertured Probe: a Hybrid Apertured and Scattering-Type Near-Field Scanning Optical Probe,? Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Tech. Digest (APS, IEEE, OSA), JThD58, Baltimore , Maryland , May 6-11, 2007.

C. A. Baron, K. J. Chau, and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Isotropic Photonic Magnetoresistance: A New Phenomenon at Terahertz Frequencies,?Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Tech. Digest (APS, IEEE, OSA), JFB3, Baltimore , Maryland , May 6-11, 2007.

K. J. Chau and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Investigations on the Origin of the Terahertz Transmission through Random Metallic Media,?Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Tech. Digest (APS, IEEE, OSA), JtuD23, Long Beach , CA , May 21-26, 2006.

G. D. Dice, K. J. Chau, and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Surface Plasmon Enhanced Metal Nanoparticle-Dye Random Laser,?Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Tech. Digest (APS, IEEE, OSA, 2006), CMFF6, Long Beach, CA, May 21-26, 2006.

K. J. Chau and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Contact Resistance Dynamics at Bimetallic Interfaces Investigated by Ultrafast Terahertz Surface Plasmon-Mediated Transmission Spectroscopy,?Proc. SPIE, 6118, 61184- (1-9), 2006.

K. J. Chau and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Near-Field Mediated Terahertz Transmission through Random Media,?Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Tech. Digest (APS, IEEE, OSA), CMI5, Long Beach , CA , May 21-26, 2006.

G. D. Dice, K. J. Chau, and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Surface Plasmon Enhanced Metal Nanoparticle-Dye Random Laser,?Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Tech. Digest (APS, IEEE, OSA), Long Beach, CA, May 21-26, 2006.

Vikram Kohli, Jason P. Acker, and Abdulhakem Y. Elezzabi, “Permeabilization and Cell Surgery Using Femtosecond Laser Pulses: an Emerging Tool for Cellular Manipulation,?Optical Interactions with Tissue and Cells XVII, Proc. SPIE 6084, 608414 (2006).

S. E. Irvine and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Generation of 2 keV, 30 fs Electron Pulses via Surface Plasmon Waves,?Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Tech. Digest (APS, IEEE, OSA) Baltimore, Maryland, May 22-27, 2005.

K. J. Chau and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Broadband Terahertz Pulse Propagation in Strongly Scattering Random Media,?Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Tech. Digest (APS, IEEE, OSA) Baltimore , Maryland , May 22-27, 2005.

K.J. Chau, S. Mujumdar , and A.Y. Elezzabi, “Terahertz Propagation in Non-Homogeneous Highly Scattering Media,?Proc. SPIE, 5727, 177-185 (2005).

K. J. Chau and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Ultra-wide Bandwidth THz Emission from Semiconductor Irradiated with Intense Radially Polarized, Bessel-Gauss Pulses,? Ultrafast Phenomena XIV, Eds. T. Kobayashi, T. Okada, T. Kobayashi, Keith A. Nelson, and S. DeSilvestri, Springer Series in Chemical Physics 667-669, (2004).

S. E. Irvine and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Surface Plasmon Assisted 26, 0.4 keV Electron Pulse Generation,?Ultrafast Phenomena XIV, Eds. T. Kobayashi, T. Okada, T. Kobayashi, Keith A. Nelson, and S. DeSilvestri, Springer Series in Chemical Physics 708-710, (2004).

A. L. Dechant and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Plasmon Enhanced Ultrafast Optical Transmission in Metallic Nano-Arrays,?Ultrafast Phenomena XIV, Eds. T. Kobayashi, T. Okada, T. Kobayashi, Keith A. Nelson, and S. DeSilvestri, Springer Series in Chemical Physics 658-660, (2004).

K. J. Chau, S. E. Irvine, and A. Y. Elezzabi, “High-Speed Surface Magneto-Plasmon Reflectivity Modulator,?OSA Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Tech. Digest (APS, IEEE, OSA), San Francisco, CA, May 16-21, (2004)

S. E. Irvine and A. Y. Elezzabi, "Polarization-Selective Optical Beam Deflection Using Magnetically Activated Bi-YIG Films,?Proc. of SPIE, 5260, 585-590 (2003).

S. E. Irvine and A. Y. Elezzabi, "Parametric Excitation of Spin Waves in Bismuth-substituted Yttrium Iron Garnet Films Using the First-Order Suhl Instability," Proc. Int. Conf. on MEMS, NANO, and Smart Systems, Banff, AB, 148-152, 2003.

S. E. Irvine and A. Y. Elezzabi, "Broadband Optical Modulation Using Magneto-Optic Bi-YIG Thin Films," Proc. of SPIE, 5260, 580-584 (2003).

M. D. Cummings and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Photo-excitation of Coherent Acoustic Phonons in InSb,?Ultrafast Phenomena XIII, Eds. R. D. Miller, M. M. Murnane, N. F. Scherer, and A. M. Weiner, Springer Series in Chemical Physics, 383-386, (2002).

M. D. Cummings and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Photo-excitation of Coherent Acoustic Phonons in InSb,?Ultrafast Phenomena XIII, edited by R. D. Miller, M. M. Murnane, N. F. Scherer, and A. M. Weiner, Springer Series in Chemical Physics, 383, (2002).

J. F. Holzman, F. E. Vermeulen, and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Frozen Wave Sources for Multi-Cycle THz Generation,?Proc. of SPIE, 4111, 100-107, (2000).

J. F. Holzman, F. E. Vermeulen, and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Photoconductive Generation of 2-ps Electrical Pulses with Semi-insulating GaAs,?Proc. of SPIE, 4111, 108-115, (2000).

G. D. Jones and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Ultrafast Broadband Tunable-bandwidth Magneto-Optic Modulator,?Proc. of SPIE, 4111, 145-152, (1999).

J. F. Holzman, F. E. Vermeulen, and A. Y. Elezzabi, “Guided-Wave Metal-Semiconductor Switch for Modulation of 10.6 mm Radiation? Proc. of SPIE, 3795, 137-144, (1999).

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